Exploring Fashion, Fit And Affordability Report Analysing Essay

Exploring Fashion, Fit And Affordability Report Analysing - Essay Example The paper "Exploring Fashion, Fit And Affordability Report Analysing" analyzes the fashion availability, fit and affordability in the UK stores. The objective of the research has not been presented clearly and distinctly. If the researchers have a clear perception of the objective and the purpose of the research, it helps to develop the research methods more accurately. It also allows the reader to understand the purpose of the study better. Presenting the purposes as above would make it easier for the researchers to analyse their research and findings more effectively, and achieve what they intended to find. It also makes it easier for the reader to judge whether the findings corroborate with the purpose. Moreover it is easier to refer back to the purpose. The study applied a mix of the quantitative and qualitative research methodology, as one of the prime objectives was to examine the satisfaction/dissatisfaction with the retail experience. This would be difficult in a purely quant itative approach. Quantitative approach is equally essential for this study because it enables distance between the observer and the observed. Moreover, quantitative research is descriptive and such a study requires description. A qualitative approach, on the other hand, allows the researcher to get an â€Å"insider perspective on social action† (Knox, 2004). In the quantitative method the focus is on numbers while the qualitative method has the potential to reveal complexity. Pure quantitative research.

Crimes Essay Example for Free

Crimes Essay Crime prevention is a major responsibility of law enforcement organizations. It is necessary to promote and maintain peace and order to the community by executing measures that lessens or diminishes crime rates as impacted by lawbreakers in society. Several solutions bring about the decrease in crime rates in the community. These solutions do not only depend on the roles and responsibilities expected to be carried out by law enforcement agencies, but also require cooperation from the people in communities and the government. Crime prevention should be a group effort because the will to prevent crime is everyone’s concern. With this in mind, one possible solution for crime prevention is motivating the community to be vigilant and cooperative in responding to criminal offenses. Law enforcement agencies cannot prevent crime without the help of other members of the community. In this case, the roles of victims, witnesses, and whistleblowers are magnified. When victims, witnesses, and whistleblowers experience criminal offenses of any gravity or kind, they should report it to the police. This catches the attention of law enforcement agencies allowing them to respond to the situation in a timely and apposite manner. Aside from experiencing criminal offenses, people should be able to inform the police of concerns regarding potential offenses observed in the community. Staying one step ahead is better, and by informing the police of concerns or observations, law enforcement agencies are able to plan ahead to prevent crimes from happening. Another way to prevent crime is by being cautious or vigilant about oneself and his surroundings. People should take safety measures in order to protect themselves, their property, and other people from the harmful nature of offenses. This includes following tips on safety precautions as advised by the state, law enforcement agencies, and concerned citizens or private organizations (HCSO, 2008). Engaging in a joint effort by the neighborhood, such as the establishment of neighborhood watch groups, is also one possible way to reduce or eliminate crime. Crime prevention does not only necessitate cooperating with the police, but also with other members of the community. Neighborhood watch groups are composed of people from a neighborhood who are concerned with the community’s safety and are willing to provide assistance to law enforcement agencies for crime prevention. Through collaboration and teamwork, people in the neighborhood are able to counter crime by evaluating their neighborhood and determining what steps to take in order to increase peace and order in their area. (Solutions for America, 2003) Technology and innovation also play a major part in reducing or eliminating crimes committed by offenders in the community. Law enforcement agencies use information technology in order to prevent crime and capture offenders. Crime rates, data sheets, and other background information about crimes, criminals, usual victims, and environments where crimes take place, etc. re stored electronically in a database managed and maintained by law enforcement agencies. Through this system or database, law enforcement agencies are able to share or view this information whenever needed for reference when it comes to predicting criminals patterns of potential risks that may cause the rise in crime rate in a particular situation. (SCRA, 2008) Continuous research and innovative techniques are being employed by private organizations in order to improve technologies that are being used by law enforcement agencies. For instance, the National Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Center or NLECTC is active in research and experimentation in order to improve the quality, features, and functions of law enforcement technologies, making them more suited for crime prevention and criminal capture. Since technology demands high fees, it is the role of the state or federal government to allocate funds for this cause because technological advancement improves the performance of law enforcement agencies. Using technology automates law enforcement work, making it more efficient and timely in crime prevention. SCRA, 2008) Some of the gadgets that law enforcement use that assists in reducing or eliminating crimes committed by offenders include lightweight body armors, drug-recognition tools (through pupil scanning), cars (such as the Lotus Exige S which increases road safety for police officers especially when in pursuit), gunshot location technologies (computer that supervises specific areas to detect gun shots), video intelligence softwares for computers (may be used in houses, business companies, etc. or surveillance purposes), LED Incapacitator (it is a flashlight which emits LED light that restrains individuals when they look directly at it), and armed robots (apparently, some robots are utilized by law enforcement agencies by arming it with taser guns. (Gizmag, 2008) Focusing on rehabilitating crime offenders is also a plausible way in preventing criminal offenses. Restorative Jus tice is one way of rehabilitating criminals in order to reintegrate them back into society. It includes motivating jailed offenders to contribute to the community as a form of penalty. Restorative Justice also focuses on restoring damages to the victim and the community as a result of criminal actions taken by offenders. As a way to pay for crime offenses committed by offenders, they should be able to take necessary actions to patch up the relationship between the victim and the community to the offender. Through the penalties imposed to criminals, they are able to learn how to become responsible and cooperative citizens who area belt to make the right decisions. Moreover, restorative justice eliminates recidivism because it provides offenders the chance to correct their mistakes and become a valuable and accountable part of society.

Regulations for Care of Child with Disability

Regulations for Care of Child with Disability Heidi Walding The legal and regulatory requirements in place for children with disabilities or specific requirements are that all children should be treated fairly and lawfully within school or any social setting. This includes; direct discrimination, which means refusing a child access to a setting or environment due to a condition and/or disability. Indirect discrimination occurs when only helping certain children, such as providing a lesson in the English language, knowing there is a child in your setting that does not understand English, or giving a lesson that is completely oral when a child may have a hearing impairment and not putting in place the correct provisions to help that individual. Discrimination due to disability is not allowing a child to; for example, join in a Physical Education lesson due to the extra time it may take to allow them to change into the appropriate clothing, and maybe someone’s time to help them do this. This may lead to a child having fewer opportunities and disallows the promotion of inclusion. The Equality Act 2010 ensures additional protection from discrimination for children with any disability. This gives a child with and disability the same acce ss within schools, nurseries and social environments equal opportunities. The S.E.N Code of Practice promotes values of each individual. This gives guidance to schools to promote equal opportunities and inclusion for any child with a disability within any setting. This code of practice should be put into place at the earliest opportunity, as it enables a child with any disability to fit in and progress at the same pace as their peers. The main principles are that all children’s needs are met. They also should be met within the mainstream school environment. The views of these children are incredibly important, and we should listen and understand their thoughts and feelings. Parents also have a vital role to play, without their input, ideas, beliefs and understanding of their own children, we cannot give a child a balanced education. The United Nations Convention of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is a human rights treaty that confirms the rights of people with disabilities. It states that it is important that people with any disability should have equal rights as people without a disability. People without disabilities do face barriers but the need to reduce these barriers is of vital importance. Article seven of the Convention related only to children and these measures must be taken. Children with disabilities can participate fully and equally with their peers with great enjoyment. When considerin g an intervention, the interests of the child should be paramount. All children should have the right to express their views on issues that affect them and should be taken seriously. It is important to work inclusively with children with disability or special requirements because the medical model disempowers children as it sees the children with a disability to have an illness and a need to be cured. This is not inclusive practice. The social model is a different view, stating that all children, with or without disability, have the same rights and feelings. Discrimination of disabled people is created by the attitudes of the society we live in. It states that we must ensure inclusive practice within any setting. We must have respect for all children and their interests and show them empathy. This will ensure these children are empowered. Children and their families need to feel safe and secure and thus enables them to feel respected. Empathy is often mistaken for sympathy. For children to feel empowered enables them to feel independent and responsible for themselves. To help a child with a disability to feel included, we need to make them feel important and welc ome. Using body language as much as possible to ensure this is understood. Being positive and listening to their hobbies, interests and needs helps the child understand that they are included and important to others. Discrimination is not part of inclusion and should be dealt with in a sensitive, correct manner. The benefits of working in partnership with parents and other professionals are that it enables us, as professionals to draw on parental knowledge of their child. They are the best source of knowledge regarding their child on a day to day basis. Parental knowledge helps us to focus on a child’s strengths. It enables us to understand a child’s personality and feelings, likes and dislikes. Parents should therefore have full access to the support we can offer and are always given any documentation before any meeting. Before the appointment, we should consider any barriers, such as language barriers. It is important we are flexible with appointments for meetings. It is also extremely important that we share our knowledge of other agencies, such as physiotherapists or speech and language therapists with parents so they can gain the best care and support for their child. We need to build a good partnership with parents and outside agencies. This enables us to work together to form a relationship and a firm understanding of that is needed for each individual case. It is a requirement that in each setting there is a member of staff who is at the core of these relationships. This person is usually a SENCO (Special Educational Needs Coordinator). Practitioners can adapt their existing practice to support children with disabilities or specific requirements by adapting and adjusting the surroundings that a child with a disability is accessing. This enables a child to participate fully in lessons and activities. If this is not put in place, it can cause a child to feel isolated. Sometimes this can mean adjusting access to a building or the layout of a classroom or equipment. Practitioners should ensure that all resources used are age and stage appropriate. For example, if a child has a visual impairment, the positioning of the furniture would need to be looked at, and changed, such as moving their seating within the classroom or never moving furniture a child is familiar with. Children with disabilities need to be able to communicate efficiently with their peers and teachers. Having a support teacher in place can help with these problems. Keeping a classroom or setting familiar enables the child to feel included, safe and confident. As professionals, we need to ensure we do not reflect on our own negative ideas and attitudes. We must challenge these attitudes to ensure each child with a disability is treated equally and fairly. We need to understand that children with some disabilities may n eed extra support with personal care, such as fastening buttons or washing hands after toileting. Some children will struggle with expressing how they need to are unable to make choices independently. In this instance, photographs or cards would help them in this situation. Children with disabilities may need help from their peers to ensure they navigate around an area safely and also keep an area free from hazards, such as the classroom floor. If an activity is either too easy or too hard, it can discourage a child and they may begin to lose confidence, so keeping resources available that are age and stage appropriate is of great importance.

Essay --

Cloud Computing Cloud computing is a type of computing that depends on sharing computing resources rather than having local servers or personal device to handle applications. In cloud computing, the word cloud is used as a metaphor for â€Å"the internet†. So the cloud computing means â€Å"a type of internet-based computing†, where different services such as servers, storage and applications are delivered to an organization’s computers and devices through the internet. It allows consumers and businesses to use applications without installation and access their personal files at any computer with internet access. E.g. Yahoo mail, Gmail, Hotmail. Cloud computing is provides on-demand self-service. Service Models:- A cloud service is any resource that is provided over the internet. Service delivery in cloud computing comprises three different service models. †¢ Software-as-a-service (Saas):- Saas is the model in which an application is hosted as a service to customers who access it via the internet. E.g. Google docs, salesforce.com, CRM, ERP, email, social networking. It provides significant efficiencies in cost and delivery in exchange for minimal customization and represents a shift of operational risks from the consumer to the provider. User of Saas offering usually has neither knowledge nor control about the underlying infrastructure. †¢ Platform-as-a-service(Paas):- This kind of cloud computing provides development environment as a service. The consumer can use the middleman’s equipment to develop his own program and deliver it to the users through internet and servers. It provides a well organized and graceful approach to operate scale-out applications in a predictable and cost effective manner. The consumer controls the application that... ...tecture for scalability and availability as the public cloud but is restricted to a single organization. †¢ Community cloud:- A community cloud is controlled and used by a group of organizations that have shared interests, such as specific security requirements or a common mission. †¢ Hybrid cloud A hybrid cloud is a combination of a public and private cloud that interoperates. References:- http://cloudtweaks.com/2012/07/the-4-primary-cloud-deployment-models/ http://south.cattelecom.com/rtso/Technologies/CloudComputing/0071626948_chap01.pdf http://www.cloud-competence-center.com/understanding/cloud-computing-deployment-models/ http://www.wikinvest.com/concept/Cloud_Computing#References http://www.thbs.com/downloads/Cloud-Computing-Overview.pdf http://www.priv.gc.ca/resource/fs-fi/02_05_d_51_cc_e.pdf http://cloud.cio.gov/topics/cloud-computing-deployment-models

First Impressions of George and Lennie

Lennie and George are like chalk and cheese in appearance. George is ‘small and quick’ ‘every part of him was defined’ while Lennie, Georges faithful friend, is a ‘huge man’ ‘sloping shoulders and walked heavily’. This match of appearance can be very helpful as Lennie is big and can look after George physically. They both still had things in common though ‘both were dressed in denim trousers and denim coats’ ‘both wore black shapeless hats’. They were both dressed like this because they on their way to a ranch, to work as a farm labourer and they were living the lives of drifters.George is quick-witted and particular, this becomes apparent when he says ‘Don’t seem to be running, though. You never oughter drink water when it ain’t running, Lennie,’ this suggest that he knows how to look after himself and he knows what is best for him, and the way he says Lennie at the end tells the reader that he is looking out for Lennie and trying to keep him safe too. Lennie is slow and dim-witted we know this because when he talks is he uses monosyllabic words for example, ‘long, big, drink’ this suggest he is uneducated and has a mental age of around 5 years old.George is also very forgetful ‘you forgot that awready, did you? ’ this is another sign of him acting younger than he is and it shows that he needs someone to look out for him. There is another side of George though this is shown when he tries to deceive George by saying ‘Ain’t a thing in my pocket’ this shows he can be quite sly and deceiving. It is clear that Lennie has no sense at all and George has to watch over him constantly.The very first time the men are described it tells us that there is a clear leader ‘they had walked single file down the path, and even in the open’ this shows us that Lennie follows George and sees him as a good example. Lennie is constantly always looking out for George ‘aw, Lennie! I ain’t taking it away jus for meanness, that mouse ain’t fresh’. George always does what he thinks is best for Lennie even if Lennie does not agree. ‘you get in trouble. You do bad things and I got to get you out. ’ It becomes clear the George would much prefer not to be with Lennie as he always fantasises about if he was on his own he would do much better for imself and he wouldn’t constantly be dragged down by Lennie, but even though he says all of it, we can tell that secretly George wants Lennie to stay with him ‘cause I want you to stay with me’ this says that even though Lennie depends on George, George still needs Lennie so he isn’t alone and doesn’t suffer from loneliness and has someone he can talk to. We know that in previous work that Lennie has mess it up for George and they both got run out of weed ‘and we got to sneak out in the dar k and get outta the country’ this tells the reader that in the upcoming work job It may not be all that simple.Also George tells Lennie that if he gets into trouble at the ranch to come back to the brush and wait for him, this is foreshadowing the future and telling us that George most definitely get into trouble. George and Lennie both are ambitious though and both dream of having the American dream together, but George is more realistic and knows if he carries on with Lennie that the dream will never come true, but he doesn’t tell Lennie this, and keeps him happy by letting him think that one day they will have a place of their own.

You Can Be and Introvert and a Leader †Here are 7 Tips

You Can Be and Introvert and a Leader – Here are 7 Tips 7 Leadership Tips for Introverted People Being a leader and an introvert may sound impossible. After all, leaders have to be gregarious, outgoing, outspoken and inspirational to others. How can anyone do these things if all they want is to be alone to think and reflect. It’s true. Introverts do spend more time thinking than most others. And when they do this, others think of them as cold or unfeeling or, worse, as having some type of â€Å"superiority complex.† And when they are placed in leadership positions, others wonder how that will ever â€Å"work.† You may be wondering how that will ever â€Å"work† too, if you are that introvert. When engaged in resume writing to find your job, you probably did not put â€Å"introvert† down as one of your personal qualities. And now here you are, expected to be a leader. But you know some things about yourself that others don’t. You know that you genuinely enjoy people, but in small doses – both in numbers and in time. As an introvert, you become â€Å"depleted† more rapidly than others and have to â€Å"refuel† yourself by getting back to a private place where you can be alone with your thoughts, even though those thoughts may be related to work. So, you close your office door to re-group. And others label you unfriendly or â€Å"stuck-up.† You Can Be a Successful Leader The operative word here is â€Å"compensation† (along with a good dose of honesty). You do have to develop ways to compensate for your need to be quite and alone. Here are 7 tips that will help. Be Honest with Your Team: There is nothing wrong with telling your team members that you are an introvert and explaining your need to retreat and reflect. When you are up front about it, they will understand your behaviors and not judge you negatively. Then you can say, â€Å"Give me a little while to think about this,† and it won’t b mis-interpreted. Use LBWA: This means â€Å"Leadership by Walking Around,† and is considered to be quite effective in establishing relationships with your team. If you spend some time one-on-one with each team member as you walk around, you will not feel stressed by numbers. And those individuals will come to believe that you do have interest in them and their work. Keep Meetings Short: It is better to have shorter meetings more often than to have long ones that drain you. Prepare a short agenda and stick to it. Your team members will probably appreciate that anyway. Get an Extrovert Back-up: If you have to attend a large gathering that is work-related, you can’t avoid it, obviously. But if you have an extroverted buddy by your side, s/he can help carry conversations and you can just smile and nod your head. Housekeeping Items by Email: There are lots of minor items that you may need to handle with your team – new procedures from top-level executives, new reporting deadlines, etc. You don’t have to spend meeting time on these. Emails will work, and your emails can be friendly and conversational in nature. And adding a joke at the end is a good way to further relationships. Use Facebook as a Relationship Builder: Have a Facebook account and keep your posts light and fun. Co-workers and team members are probably on Facebook too, and they will â€Å"feel† that they know you better. Build Recovery Time into Your Schedule: You can’t be a good leader if you are drained. Give yourself short periods of time during the day – very short – just to get quiet and alone. It does help. But set a limit on that â€Å"down time† so you don’t fall back into bad habits of pre-leadership days. You can take the lead and be very successful. Know your limits, be honest with others, and use these compensation techniques.

Common English Spelling Pronunciation Problems

Common English Spelling Pronunciation Problems Spelling words in English is challenging work. As a matter of fact, many native speakers of English have problems with spelling correctly. One of the main reasons for this is that many, many English words are NOT spelled as they are spoken. This difference between pronunciation and spelling causes a lot of confusion. The combination ough provides an excellent example: Tough - pronounced - tuf (the u sounding as in cup)Through - pronounced - throoDough - pronounced - doe (long o)Bought - pronounced - bawt Its enough to make anyone crazy! Here are some of the most common problems when spelling words in English. Three Syllables Pronounced as Two Syllables Aspirin - pronounced - asprinDifferent - pronounced - diffrentEvery - pronounced - evry Four Syllables Pronounced as Three Syllables Comfortable - pronounced - comfrtableTemperature - pronounced - tempratureVegetable - pronounced - vegtable Words That Sound the Same (Homophones) two, to, too - pronounced - tooknew, new - pronounced - niewthrough, threw - pronounced - throonot, knot, naught - pronounced - not Same Sounds - Different Spellings Eh as in Let letbreadsaid Ai as in I Isighbuyeither The following  letters are silent when pronounced. D  - sandwich, WednesdayG  - sign, foreignGH  - daughter, light, rightH  - why, honest, hourK  - know, knight, knobL  - should, walk, halfP  - cupboard, psychologyS  - islandT  - whistle, listen, fastenU  - guess, guitarW  - who, write, wrong Unusual Letter Combinations GH F: cough, laugh, enough, roughCH K: chemistry, headache, Christmas, stomachEA EH: breakfast, head, bread, insteadEA EI: steak, breakEA EE: weak, streakOU UH: country, double, enough

Policy

Policy PolicyCanada is an energy surplus county which is aligned with OPEC countries for its Crude oil export. Canada has good quantity of gas and petroleum reserve in western Canada. Alberta alone produces about 80% of the total crude oil production (International energy agency). Although Alberta's oil and gas don't have any significant role world market but it has very important role in trade with other provinces and continental America. Alberta supplies around 10% of the American oil imports. Alberta's economy is thus heavily dependent upon non renewable gas and oil. Energy policy of Canada thus plays a vital role in Alberta's Oil industry. The energy policy of Canada was never steady which helps other oil importing provinces and by joining Kyoto Protocol production of oil in Alberta faces certain uncertainty.Most of the Alberta's oil discovery took place in 1950s and 1960s. At that time control over natural resource was under provincial government and this gave provincial government of Alberta to control oil fields.ALBERTA JUN30-84 LATE ISSUE STICKER -MOTORCYCLE ...The government at that time took "had off" policy. The goal of the policy was to encourage multinational big companies will produce oil of their own and provincial government be benefited with royalties and this money will be used to develop the province. But the first oil shock changed federal government to change its policy. In 1973 for Arab-Israel war OPEC increased the price 70% and refused to sell oil to west. Alberta wanted to exploit the situation and gain as much profit as it can make. But the price increase of Alberta's oil hampered the oil importing provinces, and this made federal government freeze oil price. Although world market price was high importing provinces got Alberta's oil in cheap with federal involvement.Again, when Trudeau's government was in serious trade deficit federal government wanted...

Immigration and Immigration Policy Today Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Immigration and Immigration Policy Today - Essay Example A recent report shows that more than 700 million adults from around the globe would like to migrate to a developed country. Predominantly, there are two driving factors in the immigration process; push factors and pull factors. Push factors refer primarily to the motive for emigration from the country of origin. In the case of economic migration (usually labour migration), differentials in wage rates are prominent. If the value of wages in the new country surpasses the value of wages in one's native country, he or she may choose to migrate as long as the travel costs are not too high. Particularly in the 19th century, economic expansion of the U.S. increased immigrant flow, and in effect, nearly 20% of the population was foreign born versus today's values of 10%, making up a significant amount of the labour force. Poor individuals from less developed countries can have far higher standards of living in developed countries than in their originating countries. The cost of emigration, which includes both the explicit costs, the ticket price, and the implicit cost, lost work time and loss of community ties, also play a major role in the pull of emigrants away from their native country. American immigration or Immigration to U.S. ... ligion, economic benefits, job growth, settlement patterns, environmental impact, and impact on upward social mobility, levels of criminality, nationalities, political loyalties, moral values, and work habits. As of 2006, the United States accepts more legal immigrants as permanent residents than any other country in the world. In 2006, the number of immigrants totalled 37.5 million. Immigration to the U.S. is one of the hot topics being discussed and debated upon around the globe these days, especially amongst the Third World countries. In order to get clearer picture of the whole situation and to look at it from an immigrant's point of view, I conducted a series of interviews with people coming from different ethnic backgrounds, age group and walks of life. Following are the exclusive accounts of different people and their view point on USA's immigration: Omar Rizvi, 15, student of Pleasant Valley High School is an American national with Asian background and has been living in the United States for over 13 years now. Here is what he had to say about our topic: Q. What are immigration reasons according to your understandings Explain with reasons under which circumstances its inevitable keeping the USA in mind. R. To escape war, poverty and to have better opportunities in life. Q. Is the current immigration policy catering to all creeds and cultures R. No Q. What factors and under currents should influence USA's immigration policy R. I have no idea. Q. Is the man in charge of immigration into and out of the USA most suitable for the job Explain why or why not. R. No, because he does not see all aspects of the issue properly. Q. How would you classify immigration As a plight to greener pastures Solution or living in a fool's paradise Justify your

Wireless Technologies Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Wireless Technologies - Research Paper Example This paper aims to discuss wireless technologies with respect to its initial development, current status and the future prospects. Introduction to Wireless Technologies Few decades back the wireless technology was an unreal phenomenon for a common man but today millions of people communicate with each other through the wireless networks. This clearly represents that the wireless technology has undergone tremendous success in the last few years which has made it not only publically available rather it has also advanced the computer communication systems. In broader terms, wireless technology has its roots in the radio waves which travel through the space with the help of electronic signals (Mathias, 2004). Comer in his book related to the computer networking argues that no single model can actually explain the real theory behind the development of wireless technology (Comer, 2008). However, this can only be understood by rigorously investigating the initial development of electricity, electromagnetism and the radio waves. Although the wireless technology is significantly complex in nature but it has brought flexibility, value and ease in terms of communication and business networking. It functions on the basis of electromagnetic energy such as the radio waves, laser, infrared etc. The most common examples of wireless technology are the T.V. remote controller and the cellular devices. In internet or Local Area Networks more complex forms of data transferring systems are used which help in fast communication between two or more computers. This signifies that the fundamental purpose of wireless technologies is to provide safe and reliable platform for data transference. Hence the modern scientists are now striving to increase the strength of wireless internet (Mathias, 2004). Wireless Technologies of the Past How and why Wireless Technology was first developed? Research indicates that the wireless technology was actually initiated some 200 years ago when Benjamin F ranklin conducted his renowned kite experiment. The radios, mobile phones and the internet that we use today are a result of continuous improvement and experiments over the time. Wireless Technology does not evolved through single experiment rather it was followed by electromagnetic theory, highly significant inventions and the development of radio waves (Mathias, 2004). In 1747, Franklin actually proposed an electricity model which gave way to the development of fast, highly reliable and cheap wireless system. Franklin was primarily working on the electricity generation however, during his experiments he realized and later concluded that electricity can actually move through the air medium. In 1819, A Danish physicist identified the astonishing relationship between magnetic and electric field. He observed that the needle of a compass was moving when placed into the electric field. This phenomenon was later termed as electromagnetism. Michael Faraday, in 1831 built the very first ge nerator which was operated through direct current. Although his experiment was not beneficial in the way of wireless technology but it did provide a clear way to the future scientists to work upon (Mathias, 2004). Later James Clerk Maxwell gave the theories on electromagnetic waves travelling through the space. These actually laid the foundation of wireless technology. These equations were then used by Heinrich Hertz who invented the oscillator in 1887 which helped in the creation of radio waves. Thereafter the FM radio, electronic tube and the digital decoding systems were developed. These were then linked with the wireless

Financial Markets and the Real Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Financial Markets and the Real Economy - Essay Example In this perspective, recorded economy includes all economic activities within a country that are recordable and reported through gathering of appropriate statistics (Bailey 78). Non-monetized economy on a different perspective refers to all economic activities that are linked to self-consumption. Therefore, real economy is a composition of all the aspects of economic activities within a given nation. Overview of Financial Markets Financial market on the other hand refers to a place where buyers and sellers (individuals and entities) meet to trade on assets that include equities, currencies, derivatives, and bonds. In most cases financial markets are referred to as stock markets. Amazingly, financial markets are as old as humanity. Financial markets started the moment mankind settled down to engaging in serious activities of growing crops and exchanging them with other crops. Despite this aspect of trade was known as barter, there were some financial markets aspects within the trade. For instance, there are possibilities that some people due to one reason or another attain bad harvest (Levinson 99). However, with the bad harvest such individuals had to struggle and obtain a way of farming and obtaining food for their families. In so doing, there was the aspect of obtaining credit hence the assertion that financial markets are as old as humankind. With advancements and developments, financial markets in the contemporary business environment have taken a totally different shape. There are many forms of financial markets currently all of which have their specific purposes to accomplish. In addition, financial markets developments and advancements have led to formation of highly organized markets like the...This essay attempts to create an understanding of the link between real economy and financial markets, adding to the numerous debates, articles, and studies on the link between financial markets and real economy Real economy is part of economy concerned with actual production of goods and service within a country. Real economy in most cases is referred to as the total economy, which encompasses all the economic components such as economic activities, both monetized and non-monetized transactions, official and unofficial, and all transactions or activities that take place between rural and urban areas Financial markets serve functions in which they are formed or mandated to within a given economy. The first fundamental function that financial markets perform is that of setting price. Through determining the exchange rates, financial markets have the vista of providing price discovery. The second fundamental function of financial markets is the valuation of assets. Through determining market prices, financial markets are in a position of valuing assets Economists believe that a powerful measurement of economic performance is only attainable through obtaining a marginal value of wealth from asset markets. Other than the fact that real economy impacts positively and negatively on financial markets, it is inevitable that financial markets also affect real economy either positively or negatively. In most cases, real economy benefits or is disadvantaged from the various functions of financial markets.

Sonny's blues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Sonny's blues - Essay Example People of the club are generally referred to as being friendly with Sonny; serving to depict the contrast that exists between the inner and the outside world. At the same time, the author takes on a defensive tone when he tries to justify Sonny's drug addiction; "In order to keep from shaking to pieces" (Baldwin, 40). However, the author holds his sympathy in one hand and his honesty in the other; he criticizes the addiction of drugs in bitter words, blaming it to be the cause of pain and misery for Sonny. Baldwin's creation of characters is interesting in the sense that almost all characters have markedly contrasting personalities. Moreover, the characters are not merely characters; they are in fact representations of the classes of our society. Sonny, for example represents the drug affected population of the society. The prominent features associated with this character include the aspects of poverty, being black, various limitations imposed by the society, willingness to escape f rom his prevailing circumstances, suffering imprisonment and being a prisoner even after being released from the jail which is depicted by words like "caged animal". The narrator of the story is the elder brother of Sony, depicted as a successful person in that he is a Mathematics teacher and is raising his own family. He had been pessimistic about Sony in the beginning but his immense love and association with him makes him help Sony out of the situation. Although Isabel, the narrator is not a much prominent character in the story but she plays a significant role in taking Sony out of his indulgence in misery and shock as he gets released from prison. She plays a role which is almost the same as the narrator's mother. The narrator's daughter Grace, though appears in the story for a little while, as she dies very young, leaves a mark on the writer and makes him reach to Sony and help him out of his troubled times. Likewise, the character of mother not only represents the mothers as an institution but also serves the purpose of explaining the role of all those in the society who actively engage in helping others. Baldwin associates a number of roles that he expects a mother to play; prophetic, saint-like and protector of the family. The writer has used a number of symbols to assist his understanding and to convey a clearer message to the reader. His use of jazz music appears to be associated with negative aspects of life like addiction and drugs. Later in the story, this symbol takes on an entirely new form and serves to establish a connection between the brothers. Music is depicted not only in this story but in real life as well, as a form of art that is used as a means of giving way to one's thoughts and at times frustration. At one point in the story, where the narrator is feeling perplexed by listening to music being played by Sony's blues group. For Sony, music gives vent to the sadness that resides deep within him creating a sadder version of blue music t hat touches his listeners as well. Another imagery that the writer uses often is ice. This is used to convey negative feelings and emotions that arise in response to unfavorable conditions. The discomfort felt during such circumstances is especially troublesome for the author, which is expressed by the author in words like "it was a special kind

Eco Fashion Trend Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Eco Fashion Trend - Research Paper Example The essay "Eco Fashion Trend" concerns the eco fashion. Brands and designers are focusing on reducing their carbon footprint by manufacturing products in a manner that is environmentally friendly and employs socially responsible techniques in the production process. Post recession, consumers of late have been focusing on vitalities, like their health and reconnecting with nature. Global catastrophes like Hurricanes and Tsunamis have further strengthened this â€Å"green† trend. The current study aims to bring out the essence of being socially responsible for organizations who share a major responsibility towards its customers and the economy. Not only the consumers, even the job seekers are looking out for organizations that adopt ethical means of business and display social responsibility to some extent in their business practices. Marks & Spencer is one such organization that prefers to go with the flow, but this study aims to explore the hidden areas that still remain untap ped by the firm inspite of putting up a rigorous effort in adapting to the needed eco changes in work culture. Marks and Spencer has for long met the need of its consumers through fashionable yet affordable clothing. It is a retail giant with massive global operations and manufacturing bases in countries like Bangladesh, India, China, etc. With stringent environment laws and greater awareness in the general public about manufacturing practices, it is an imperative need to lay emphasis on â€Å"Eco-Fashion†. The twin challenges are to create apparel.... Buzz words associated with â€Å"Eco-fashion† are organic, ethically manufactured, sustainable, eco-friendly, Fair trade, reusable, recyclable, etc. Although fashion and environmental concerns appear to be at loggerheads as the former implies products with a short life span whilst the other lays stress on reusability, sustainability and durability, yet the pointers towards sustainable fashion are too strong to ignore (Berry B, 2007). The rapidly growing size of the organic market presents an interesting opportunity for Marks and Spencer. Fashion magazines like Vogue, Elle and Vanity Fair have carried eco-fashion articles to support and underline this trend and the commercial appeal it present. Marks and Spencer already supports the fair trade practices and has launched organic clothing lines (Bayani M O, 2010). Even, mass retailers like Wal-Mart have joined the bandwagon by introducing such collections albeit on a smaller scale. On the whole, fashion retailers have as of now f ailed to cash in or eco-consumerism. The quest to achieve environmental, social as well as commercial obligations is a very tricky one. The fashion industry as a whole has been focused on the manufacturing and supply side rather than on the consumer’s side. This presents a tremendous opportunity to M & S as it entails making fashionable and affordable products using environmental friendly materials and techniques as well as championing the social cause. There are various factors that support this proposed strategy, U Stringent environment laws U Reduction in carbon footprint U Championing the cause of social responsibility U Greater consumer awareness U Means to achieve

Domestic Violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Domestic Violence - Essay Example The new policy insists that children be taken from their households even with only two incidences of problematic behavior then the parents will have to undergo treatment, therapy or counseling before the children can be given back to their care. This method actually severs family ties and changes developmental needs of children significantly. Maintaining the family as complete and intact ensures that the children will have the connection and bond with their families, even it may be dysfunctional. It is, then, important to guarantee their safety while protecting the family as a unit. The new policy may protect the children from harm, but it does not protect them from the disadvantages of being disconnected from their families. The new policy should, then, recognize the needs of empowering the parents with problem behaviors to continue correcting their behavior while their children are with them to be able to provide them their developmental needs, as well as, a positive environment.Th e Department of Job and Family Services may have the best in their minds when they created this policy. However, they forgot to take account the importance of family connections and the primary developmental needs of children when they imposed that children should be taken away from their families if there is a case of problematic behavior in the family. Taking children away from their parents should be the last resort unless they are the direct victims of their parent’s abusive behavior.

Sonny's blues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Sonny's blues - Essay Example People of the club are generally referred to as being friendly with Sonny; serving to depict the contrast that exists between the inner and the outside world. At the same time, the author takes on a defensive tone when he tries to justify Sonny's drug addiction; "In order to keep from shaking to pieces" (Baldwin, 40). However, the author holds his sympathy in one hand and his honesty in the other; he criticizes the addiction of drugs in bitter words, blaming it to be the cause of pain and misery for Sonny. Baldwin's creation of characters is interesting in the sense that almost all characters have markedly contrasting personalities. Moreover, the characters are not merely characters; they are in fact representations of the classes of our society. Sonny, for example represents the drug affected population of the society. The prominent features associated with this character include the aspects of poverty, being black, various limitations imposed by the society, willingness to escape f rom his prevailing circumstances, suffering imprisonment and being a prisoner even after being released from the jail which is depicted by words like "caged animal". The narrator of the story is the elder brother of Sony, depicted as a successful person in that he is a Mathematics teacher and is raising his own family. He had been pessimistic about Sony in the beginning but his immense love and association with him makes him help Sony out of the situation. Although Isabel, the narrator is not a much prominent character in the story but she plays a significant role in taking Sony out of his indulgence in misery and shock as he gets released from prison. She plays a role which is almost the same as the narrator's mother. The narrator's daughter Grace, though appears in the story for a little while, as she dies very young, leaves a mark on the writer and makes him reach to Sony and help him out of his troubled times. Likewise, the character of mother not only represents the mothers as an institution but also serves the purpose of explaining the role of all those in the society who actively engage in helping others. Baldwin associates a number of roles that he expects a mother to play; prophetic, saint-like and protector of the family. The writer has used a number of symbols to assist his understanding and to convey a clearer message to the reader. His use of jazz music appears to be associated with negative aspects of life like addiction and drugs. Later in the story, this symbol takes on an entirely new form and serves to establish a connection between the brothers. Music is depicted not only in this story but in real life as well, as a form of art that is used as a means of giving way to one's thoughts and at times frustration. At one point in the story, where the narrator is feeling perplexed by listening to music being played by Sony's blues group. For Sony, music gives vent to the sadness that resides deep within him creating a sadder version of blue music t hat touches his listeners as well. Another imagery that the writer uses often is ice. This is used to convey negative feelings and emotions that arise in response to unfavorable conditions. The discomfort felt during such circumstances is especially troublesome for the author, which is expressed by the author in words like "it was a special kind

Domestic Violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Domestic Violence - Essay Example The new policy insists that children be taken from their households even with only two incidences of problematic behavior then the parents will have to undergo treatment, therapy or counseling before the children can be given back to their care. This method actually severs family ties and changes developmental needs of children significantly. Maintaining the family as complete and intact ensures that the children will have the connection and bond with their families, even it may be dysfunctional. It is, then, important to guarantee their safety while protecting the family as a unit. The new policy may protect the children from harm, but it does not protect them from the disadvantages of being disconnected from their families. The new policy should, then, recognize the needs of empowering the parents with problem behaviors to continue correcting their behavior while their children are with them to be able to provide them their developmental needs, as well as, a positive environment.Th e Department of Job and Family Services may have the best in their minds when they created this policy. However, they forgot to take account the importance of family connections and the primary developmental needs of children when they imposed that children should be taken away from their families if there is a case of problematic behavior in the family. Taking children away from their parents should be the last resort unless they are the direct victims of their parent’s abusive behavior.

Rim Managing Explosive Growth Essay Example for Free

Rim Managing Explosive Growth Essay In RIM’s earlier days they also were leaders in the development of wireless point of sale (POS) systems, wireless modems, software, and firmware for radios and computers. RIM was a steadily growing company until 2005, when the company took amazing strides in launching carriers around the globe and creating strategic partnerships with several major companies (BlackBerry, 2006, p. 10). From 2005 to 2008, RIM grew from 1. 3 billion in revenues to over 6 billion, and grew from 3 billion to 6 billion in 2007 alone. RIM’s explosive growth was a result of their famous product line BlackBerry. BlackBerry was one of the first corporate phones that integrated a secure process for checking and sending emails. â€Å"Document Push is said to be a unique feature not found in any other document management solution on the market† (Document, 2005, p. 11). BlackBerry dominated in business and military sales of phones, and then became competitive in 2007 with consumers as well. Summary of Culture The most essential characteristic of RIM’s culture is their ability to innovate and work in an environment that allows for creativity to cultivate. The location of headquarters in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada has been a major focal point of RIM culture since the start of the company. RIM is comprised of a wide arrange of employees by age which allows them to remain cutting edge and knowledgeable of the wireless industry. RIM’s culture can be seen as a direct link to their low employee turnover rates and high employee satisfaction. SWOT Analysis of RIM Strengths RIM has numerous strengths that have helped them to create a competitive advantage. RIM’s main strength is their ability to innovate. RIM has been a leading innovator in wireless products since the late 80’s, and continues to grow Ramp;D alongside sales. RIM has the advantage of being located in Waterloo, Canada where the local talent pool for engineers and computer science graduates is abundant because of the University of Waterloo. Due to innovation, most of their strengths have been derived from a combination of patents, copyrights, and contractual agreements that all surround their cryptographic and software source code. The cryptographic and software source code allowed RIM to obtain a first mover advantage in B2B sales of mobile devices to businesses and military by integrating email into their mobile phones. This also allowed them to obtain significant brand recognition for creating a secure voice and data transmission solution. Once RIM was established in the business and military segments, it began to make head way in consumer markets with their new products, BlackBerry Pearl and BlackBerry Curve. RIM’s copyrights also gave them an advantage of creating strategic alliances and partnerships with major companies such as Sony Ericsson, Nokia, Yahoo, and HTC (BlackBerry, 2006, p. 11). Weaknesses Some of the very strengths of RIM can also be seen as some of their greatest weaknesses. RIM holds an internal pride for locating the heart of its Ramp;D in Waterloo. While this has been a great source of talent and company culture, it has also put a clamp on their opportunity for growth geographically and for expansion into other market segments. RIM’s employees are only so focused on maintaining control of Ramp;D in Waterloo they reject any change in location; therefore stunting their growth overall. RIM’s primary reason behind keeping Ramp;D centered in Waterloo is for the sake of their patents, copyrights, and contractual agreements, and so they are held captive by the very thing that makes them strong. Also, due to the notion of keeping Ramp;D located at Waterloo, RIM is having difficulty finding new talent in the already bogged down area of Waterloo. RIM did try to implement an online application process, but is unable to utilize it properly. Applicants are only able to apply to one job; creating a loss in potential employees. RIM engineers and computer scientists are becoming overworked due to the lack of employees. Not only is the stress running high from pressures to maintain innovations level of innovation held by their competitor, but space has also become an issue. RIM’s offices have become overcrowded and unmanageable, and are quickly losing efficiency. Opportunities Most of RIM’s opportunities lie where their weaknesses are great. RIM has been neglecting their opportunity to expand their core Ramp;D outside of Waterloo. By expanding outside of Waterloo, RIM will be able to expand Ramp;D without overcrowding their current facilities. They will also be able to compete more effectively worldwide. While RIM shipped 42% of mobile devices in North America in 2007, they only shipped 12% of the market worldwide. Opportunities for expansion in subscribers is limited in North America seeing as the market has a penetration rate of 87%. However, outside of North America are much larger opportunities, such as China, India, and other developing countries. In 2007, China’s market was growing at 18. 3% per year with only a penetration of 39%, and India’s market was growing 60% per year and only 21% penetration (White, amp; Beamish, 2008, p. 75). By expanding Ramp;D globally they will not only open doors to new markets, but also new talent. Threats RIM’s major threat is competition such as Apple, Microsoft, and Google in the North American market. These competitors are starting to increase their mobile phones capabilities so that they can compete more effectively in the B2B segments that RIM once dominated. Apple recently announced that they would be incorporating the ActiveSync direct Push, into their iPhones in order to capture the business professionals. Competitors are not only are making their phones better for the business professional, but also integrating more products into the mobile device for consumers. For instance, Apple introduced the iPhone which has greater breadth in technology, and has set a new standard for usability. Zeichick reports â€Å"since the release of the iPhone 3G on July 11, Apple holds the market for high-speed consumer-friendly smartphones entirely to itself† (2008, p. 6). Another threat competition possess is their ability to attract, hire and develop their Ramp;D facilities more resourcefully than RIM. Competitors have implemented hiring strategies that are far more efficient than RIM’s â€Å"ear to the ground† policy (White, amp; Beamish, 2008, p. 80). All of RIM’s major global competitors such as Microsoft, Motorola, and Apple all are spending far greater amounts on Ramp;D, and have an advantage over them in innovation. Competitors are expanding globally at a much higher rate than RIM, and are in better positioning for market share outside of North America; where RIM is still greatly lacking. Prevalent Issues and Solutions Provided by the Case RIM prides themselves on their ability to compete by means of innovation, and thus they have always tried to maintain a high level of Ramp;D within the firm. RIM bases their Ramp;D levels as a percent of sales, targeting around 10-12% of revenue to be spent on Ramp;D. They have managed to keep these levels by growing organically until 2005 when sales began to increase by over a billion dollars a year. According to their annual report from December 31, 2007, RIM’s Ramp;D was projected to increase by $100 million from the previous year; however as a percentage of sales they projected to drop to 5. 99% down from 7. 77% the previous year (White, amp; Beamish, 2008, p. 77). RIM, who was once a leader in innovation, was starting to fall behind in the competitive field of mobile phones. RIM needs to take measures immediately to ensure proper Ramp;D levels. As competition heats up in the smart phone market, the competition in acquiring new talent is as well; only making the task of acquiring new talent extremely difficult. RIM management is considering the following four options for growing Ramp;D: do what we do now at greater levels, expand existing geographies, increase acquisitions, and go global. Do What We Do Now At Greater Levels Currently RIM’s approach to finding new talent for Ramp;D is based on networking through personal and professionals relationships alongside their co-op program they hold with the University of Waterloo. The co-op program currently brings on 300 grad students each semester to work alongside the engineers and computer science professionals as interns, and then RIM extends job offerings to qualified candidates. RIM can improve their co-op program by offering it to multiple universities rather than only to Waterloo. Over the last 7 years RIM has created Ramp;D facilities located in Ottawa, Mississauga, Dallas, Chicago, Atlanta, Seattle, Palo Alto, and England. All of these facilities could potentially implement a co-op program with nearby universities, or summer internship programs to increase recruitment of talented young grad students. RIM is also considering adding benefits to these programs like competitor Microsoft offers. Benefits such as housing, transportation, and paid travel could entice individuals to choose RIM as their intern destination over opponents. RIM has also taken recruitment and job advertisements to the internet; however there is great room for improvement. RIM’s online application process only allows an individual to apply for one job at a time, and sufferers a great deal of qualified candidates due to the systematic flaw. Companies, such as Apple, Motorola, and Sony Ericsson, have a more advanced system that allows applicants to create an online profile that can be stored and applied to several jobs. If RIM changes their current model to mimic some of its competitors they are likely to obtain more suitable applicants for each position, and be able to reach a more global talent pool. Another option for hiring new grad students is to implement a semi-yearly or yearly hiring wave rather than posting individual jobs. Several other major corporations have these systems in place, including competitor Symbian. Companies that are growing continually implement this strategy so that they can maintain levels of efficiency. Typically, companies will receive online applications year round, and once or twice a year they will sift through the resumes selecting the best applicants. The chosen applicants then will participate in multiple events to see if they will be a good fit with a company. This process normally includes several interviews, testing, group assignments, and case studies. Once passing the recruitment day, candidates will go through an onboarding process to help adapt them to company policy and culture. Then they are assigned as needed to different sections of the company. Grow and Expand Existing Geographies RIM started to expand product development centers outside Waterloo in 2000 opening several locations, as previously mentioned, in the United States, two more locations in Canada, and one in England. RIM could continue to push forth with this initiation of expanding within the North American region, and also expanding the scope of the locations already existing. Before a new location can be chosen it must first pass a set of stringent equirements that RIM has emplaced. The requirements for potential areas are they must already have an abundant amount of software developers with experience, the cost of living and salary for employees is reasonable, and be near universities to promote their co-op program. RIM is unlike their competition in this sense, because most competitors still rely on one major campus for all Ramp;D. Apple, Google, and Microsoft have only expanded with minor locations aboard keeping the core Ramp;D at their home facilities. Increase Acquisitions Increase by means of acquisitions is by no means a new concept to RIM, or any other software firm. In the software and mobile phone industry acquiring smaller companies has become one of the fastest ways to not only gain an experienced set of talent, but also intellectual property and location. RIM acquired high-tech startup out of Israel, for their intellectual capabilities of the display and input of Chinese characters. This acquisition allowed them to become more suitable for the Chinese market, and provided Waterloo with 11 more highly qualified engineers. Another factor for RIM to consider is the economic down turn in the United States, and the abundant amount of small firms struggling to survive the recession. RIM could purchase these firms for reasonable cost; gaining experienced talent and intellectual properties. Increased acquisitions also can allow a company to penetrate certain areas that could otherwise be hard or impossible to gain access to. For instance, Google acquired a small wireless software company in Waterloo simply for the talent, recognizing Waterloo was a place with a great talent pool. RIM could use acquisitions to gain access to several countries, which they do not yet compete effectively in. In some countries consumers prefer to buy and do business with companies from their own countries rather than foreigners. Europe is a prime example, in which RIM could acquire a business and gain access to their market. Go Global Another way for RIM to increase Ramp;D is to go global. While, RIM has expanded into different countries with Ramp;D, the core of their product development still remains at Waterloo. The different areas that RIM has expanded their Ramp;D too, are areas where laws have been put in place and are protected for patent and intellectual rights. RIM has taken measures to expand other functions of the business to globally that do not directly relate to their source code; such as customer service in Singapore, and sales and marketing staff in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, China, Australia, Hong Kong, and Japan. Going global has been attempted by most of the software/mobile phone industry. Some have been able to achieve great things, but the cost of businesses can sometimes be seen as too much. Nokia, for example has expanded Ramp;D to China, and was able to gain significant market share in the region. However, in China â€Å"the rate of infringement of intellectual property rights (IPR) in China is among the highest in the world† (Pangattaro, 2007, p. 632). The constant threat of employees walking out the door with strategic information, and taking it to competitors is very high due to insufficient IP protection laws and regulation. Despite Nokia’s effort to develop a relationship with China, through joint research programs with Tsinghua University had to file suit against two Beijing firms for ripping off their mobile phones. However, recent studies show that â€Å" Ramp;D units that have developed adequate measures to manage their Chinese Ramp;D staff have succeeded in making Chinese employees loyal to the Ramp;D unit†(Marcus, amp; Gassmann ,2011, p. 73). Analysis of Options and Recommendation Analysis of Do What We Do Now At Greater Levels RIM is projecting they will need to hire over 1,400 new software developers to reinstate the status quo for Ramp;D. One option RIM is considering is to continue their current hiring strategies, but at a higher level. Currently, they hire by personal and business networking, through co-op programs with the school, and more recently went to the web with job postings. . It will be quite a difficult task to complete with only increasing their current model. RIM’s method of personal and business relationships to find new employees will no longer be able to produce a substantial amount. RIM has saturated the market in Waterloo, and finding new employees has become extremely difficult. Also, competition has moved into the area making it harder and more costly to find to obtain the best talent. It is unlikely they will be able to find a great deal of experienced help within the area. As previously mentioned, RIM would extend their co-op programs to other universities in hope to allocate more talent. Unfortunately, the co-op program will only bring in inexperienced help, and would cost RIM time and money to develop the new employees. Another option regarding new grads is to hire in waves, yearly or biyearly, to help with continuing growth. While this is a great strategy for growing companies to maintain their pipeline, it will not provide RIM with the help it currently needs to dig them out of the hole in terms of Ramp;D. RIM will need most of their new hires to have an experienced skill set so that they can be implemented instantly, and relieve the staff in Waterloo. Analysis of Grow and Expand Existing Geographies RIM has been extremely careful when expanding Ramp;D to new areas, only setting up shop where their source code can be protected. One option for RIM is to continue with the process of selecting new cities and countries where IP laws are in full force, and gain a pool of talent from these areas. RIM can also focus on escalating the Ramp;D centers already implemented to take more of a central role in Ramp;D instead of keeping the core at Waterloo. A factor to consider is the cost of hiring and the standard of living in other areas. RIM follows a set of rules for choosing where to establish an Ramp;D center, which is not uncommon for competition as well. This leads to RIM in competitive locations making it harder to gain a talent pool at a reasonable price. For instance, the employees in Palo Alto require a much higher pay scale than Waterloo because of competition, and turnover rates are high. One adverse effect that can take place when expanding abroad is loss of company culture. RIM has a very strong culture, which they believe to be a product of environment of their Waterloo office. RIM would have to approach each new Ramp;D office with an abundant amount of training to ensure a shared understanding of company values, and culture. Analysis of Increase Acquisitions One route RIM could take to reach Ramp;D levels is to increase acquisitions. RIM has already been successful with this strategy, and it would be a strategy that would allow them to hire multiple engineers and software designers at once. Not only would RIM gain an experienced talent pool, but also intellectual property rights, and new locations. Acquisitions have a few setbacks though that must be considered. By acquiring different firms RIM would be able to obtain an experienced set of talent, which is essential at this point. However, acquisitions must be preceded with caution because employees of the acquired firm can sometimes react unfavorably to such situations. Another concern is whether acquired employees would be able to adapt to company policy, culture, and values of RIM. â€Å"Culture matters it can make or break a merger† (Growth, 1996, p. 29), and so RIM must be particularly careful to only acquire firms that are a perfect fit for the company to avoid major losses. Gantumur and Stephan state â€Å"the post-merger innovation performance, in turn, is driven by both the prior success of in-house Ramp;D commitment and the deterioration of internal technological capabilities at acquiring firms† (2012, p. 77). Acquisitions are also very costly and can waste time and money. In the past when RIM acquired a firm for talent and intellectual property they would send the new employees to Waterloo, striping what was left of the firm. This can be a very costly approach to finding new employees because they take on a great deal of debt to purchase the firm. It can take a profuse amount of time to liquidate a firm to receive funds expe nded back, and sometimes the process of liquating can strip away the value resulting in further losses. Analysis of Go Global RIM was well aware that over half of the new employees they would hire to reach Ramp;D levels would have to come outside of Canada due to lack of potential candidate and space in Canada. The question RIM was pondering is how far away from Canada should they go when considering their source code they must protect. While, RIM has already expanded some product development to the US and England, it had also expanded functions other than Ramp;D to other countries outside of the North American region. RIM fears of Ramp;D in developing countries are justified, but there still remain untapped markets in these regions that could be beneficial for long term growth. RIM must start to consider possibilities outside of their source code if they wish to continue to be competitive and enter into new markets. RIM could use acquisitions as more than just a tool for hiring, but also as a means to enter new markets that are otherwise hard to reach. Europe is a prime example of where acquisition could allow them to gain an excellent talent pool, but also access to the European markets where consumers are highly nationalistic. RIM could also enter China and India by the same channels; which have exceptionally enormous markets that would allow them to grow immensely. China presents â€Å"an impasse with regard to RIMs use of encryption technology and the Chinese authorities desire to monitor e-mail traffic and content† (Ensign, et al. , 2008, p. 129). However, things are starting to shift overseas â€Å"both China and India have been experiencing a historical take-off in the use of intellectual property rights (IPR)† (Godinho, amp; Ferreira, 2012, p. 99). If RIM should find it too risky they could chose not to disclose or use their source code or cryptographic software to Ramp;D facilities in areas of wariness, but use those Ramp;D facilities to explore other technologies that obtain to less confidential information. RIM also could become either a multinational or transnational company by focusing on developing products for the each market; seeing as the needs in those countries are different from the North American region. Recommendations RIM has a daunting task of hiring 1,400 new employees this year, and not one option alone will adequately give them the right mix of new employees. In order for RIM to grow to the size of competitors it must start taking actions from all angles. According to the McNielly, it is important to become an industry leader because a â€Å"powerful position allows them to set the industry’s standards and define the playing field† (2012, p. 13). RIM can employ a few tactics to hit the ground running; however most of their growth will take time to take effect. The first step RIM should take, seeing as they are a software company, is to develop a better website and job application process. This will allow them hire experienced help globally in a rather quick fashion. The second step is to begin executing co-op programs with the technological university surrounding all of their facilities to guarantee there are gaining the best and brightest young talent. By expanding the co-op program to all of the facilities it will help to expand the non-Waterloo facilities as well. Moving forward Waterloo should transfer some of their activities to other development centers and allow them to grow more. This will allow Waterloo to focus more on big picture task, and be less bogged down with minor details. They should also start hiring in waves for grad student positions; which that will allow them to be able to grow continually as a flow rather than constantly trying to play catch up when they are shorthanded. As for long term goals, RIM should transform their company from a global model to a transnational model.

London Underground Extension Project Management

London Underground Extension Project Management The Jubilee line originally opened in 1979 and consisted of 2 and a half mile tunnel leading from Baker Street to Charing Cross. However due to the short distance of line compared to others there was a need for an extension to fill the void. At the time the London transportation system did not fully accommodate direct train access to areas such as Westminster, the business sector in docklands and most of South and East London. London underground Ltd decided to extend the 2 and half mile line with an additional 10 miles from Green Park to Stratford. London Underground Ltd had already planned to undertake a extension of the line along with various other project such as creating new lines. However as with most public sector projects government approval was necessary before work could commence. Initially the project faced being scrapped during parliamentary debates. Fortunately it was saved by its main selling point which was unlike any of the other lines underground the jubilee line would be able to interchange into all existing underground lines. (Kenneth powell). Moreover the proposal for the line accommodated, one of Europes fastest growing business districts (Canary Wharf), the lack of transport links in south London (London bridge inter change) the regeneration of East London (Stratford) and a addition transport link to Parliament (Westminster). (Kenneth powell) The government eventually approved and designated funding for the project on 29th October 1993 with construction beginning in December (JLE project bob mic Page 48-49 ). The expected project completion time to be set around spring 1998, lasting a total of 52months and the estimated was approximately  £2.1bn in 1994 (BBC). At the tendering stage It was decided that more than 30 major contracts and a number of smaller contracts will be awarded; this posed a test on how the project would be managed reason being the difficulties that could arise from multiple contracts. (JLE project bob mic ) The different contracts were awarded for numerous amounts of activities such as tunnelling, signalling and communication, M and E, the construction of the 11 new stations and other various works. (Kenneth powell JBLE). The WNSL opted for a low risk method of procurement known as design and build which the Australian contractor won the tender bid for the price of  £326.5m (guardian). With design and build the contractor (multiplex) is appointed to design and build the project, this generally gives the contractor overall control of the project. However the contractor must follow the clients (WNSL) instructions from the brief. The client will hire a employers agent is hired to monitor the site and enforce their instructions. (Murdock and Huges) The Client choose a fixed price contract with the contractors after the bid was signed it was agreed between both parties that the price would increase to  £445m. Originally at the proposal stage the scheduled time for completion was set to be late 2003, however this goal was perceived to be impossible due to the nature of the time the bid was won. As a result a realistic date was agreed upon with a stipulation that a penalty payment would incur if the project was over due by 31 Jan 2006. () The concept of this project came about from the realisation in the early 1960s there was a lack of facilities and shortage of space in the British museums dome reading room in Bloomsbury. It was decided that something had to be done to preserve the national library and an act was passed to re-house the increasing collection and build a national library. (the British library, colin st john Wilson) Different design concepts were proposed based on the intentions of retaining the library in Bloomsbury but expanding it a further three floors. However they did not allow much room for design changes one construction commenced. The government approved the design in 1964 to expand the reading room with in the library. However there were strong debates which suggested that the dome reading room expansion should be scrapped since it would not be able to keep up with the storage demand of books in the future. This lead to the government ratifying their original decision and in 1973 the British l ibrary act allow the library to be constructed as a separate entity from the museum. (Inside the British Library, by Alan day) Even though the project had been approved to be a separate building, the location had still not been decided, there was protests made by the reading room staff for the library to be built in Bloomsbury. The solution was to build in the St Pancras area because of the convenience of the large space and the number of transport links there. ( the british library, colin st john Wilson) In 1975 the decision was made to move the project from Bloomsbury to St Pancras. The final design offered a library with number of reading room for humanities, science, business and various other subjects, a plaza, offices, laboratories and conferences rooms. The building was proposed to be built in three phases and would have been able to hold all incoming books without storage out houses. The first stage of construction was approved in 1980 with excavation and construction of the site began in 1984 and was meant to be complete in 1993 at a cost of  £170m. The procurement strategy that was chosen for Phase 1A of the project was management contract this was very similar to JCT construction manager. However at the time this was not a JCT standard form of contract, since JCT had not issued this method and it was not commonly used in the UK. (Murdock.J ,Hughes. W) The Management contracts was design to be a method of procurement use for high risk and complex projects, with the purpose of reducing the risk which is usually exposed to the contractor/ managing contractor. The idea behind this modified construction manager contract is the client employs a design team and hires a construction manager to help coordinate the design and construction and to supervise site activity. There is no main contractor and all the work is sub contracted out, construction is divided into individual work packages carried out by different trade contractors. The use of Management contract had a negative effect on the project because there was literally no risk directed to the managing contractor and therefore no one to blame in the occurrence of cost over-runs and time delays. (Murdock.J, Hughes. W) In Hindsight one of the main causes for failure with project was as a result of the procurement method chosen. It was considered by Day that the four key weaknesses with the management contract were: The aim of contract choice should always be to distribute risk clearly; the client needs to understand that each procurement route decides the level of risk that can be controlled by the parties involved. With the help of contract consultants the client can be advised on the best procurement option that suits their needs. No one procurement system is better than another, each procurement route is designated for different circumstances. The majority of these risks can be trace back to procurement route and the success or failure of a project can depend on the choice of procurement; reason being that different contracts have different clauses, and each contract has its own contingency plan which distributes the risk according to the situation and who is responsible for the risk.

Religious Discrimination Essay -- Religion Discrimination Discriminati

Religious Discrimination Table of Contents 1. Introduction  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1 2. Definitions  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2 2.1 Religious Belief  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2 2.2 Religious Discrimination  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3 3. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3 3.1 Prohibitions  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3 3.2 Accommodations and Undue Hardship  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4 3.3 Who is Subject to the Provisions under Title VII?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5 4. How to Handle Religious Discrimination in the Workplace  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  6 4.1 Preventive Measures  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  6 4.2 Filing a Charge  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  8 5. Cloutier v. Costco Wholesale  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  9 6. Religious Discrimination after September 11, 2001  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  12 7. Summary and Conclusion  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  13 7.1 Summary  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  13 7.2 Conclusion  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  15 1. Introduction Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits employers from discriminating against applicants and employees because of their race, color, religion, sex or national origin. Religious Discrimination as part of the Civil Rights Act is the subject of this term paper. Initially, I will give a brief definition of â€Å"religious belief† and â€Å"religious discrimination† and write afterwards about prohibitions regarding religious discrimination, reasonably accommodation of religious beliefs and practices, undue hardship, and about the question â€Å"Who is subject to the provisions under Title VII?†. Furthermore, I will enter into the question how employers and employees should handle religious discrimination in the workplace. Since discrimination in the workplace cannot only cause costly lawsuits, but also has an impact on the moral of the employees, I will name some preventive measures. After that, I will switch to the employee’s view and give the reader an idea of what an employee should consider when filing a charge because of religious discrimination. Then, I will present the case Cloutier v. Costco Wholesale, which shall illustrate how everything fits together – from the broad definition of religion to the handling of a filed charge. According to statistics of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) and state and local fair employment practices agencies, the number of charges alleging workplace discrimination based on religion or national origin has been significantly increased after September 11, 2001. Therefore, I will deal in this term paper with the influence of the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on religious discrimination in the workplace. Finally, I... ...pportunity Commission. (2002, June). Facts About Religious Discrimination. Retrieved from: http://www.eeoc.gov/facts/fs-relig.html The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. (1997, June). Filing a Charge. Retrieved from: http://www.eeoc.gov/facts/howtofil.html The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. (2002, May). QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT THE WORKPLACE RIGHTS OF MUSLIMS, ARABS, SOUTH ASIANS, AND SIKHS UNDER THE EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY LAWS. Retrieved from: http://www.eeoc.gov/facts/backlash-employee.html The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. (2004, November). Religious Discrimination. Retrieved from: http://www.eeoc.gov/types/religion.html The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. (1997, January). Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Retrieved from: http://www.eeoc.gov/policy/vii.html Vorys, Sater, Seymour and Pease LLP. (2002, October). Religious discrimination – Accommodating differences in the workplace. Retrieved from: http://www.vssp.com/CM/Articles/articles871.asp workindex. (2004, November). Ten Tips For Avoiding Religious Discrimination. Retrieved from: http://www.workindex.com/editorial/hre/hre0411-05.asp

Japans Purple Machine Essay -- Codes Communications Papers

Japan's Purple Machine Codes and ciphers have played many crucial roles in the past 3000 years, protecting the secrets of caesars and laymen. In World War II numerous nations used cryptographic systems to conceal their secret intentions and plans from the spying eyes of enemies everywhere. Cryptanalysts, however, undeterred by the complexity of the crypto-systems, worked diligently, trying to find any sort of weakness that would allow a break into the cipher and expose the secrets contained within. During the late 1930s two nations, Japan and the United States, were in a state of intense negotiations regarding various political conflicts. The US trying to indirectly help the Allies set numerous conditions for Japan that prevented her from receiving crucial resources and embarking on its agreed upon mission with its European friends. In the midst of this, a machine cipher, codenamed Purple was performing a vital role in the war making policies for both Japan and the United States. A rarely told story a bout a secret operation in the US involved in breaking Japan's most secure crypto-system reveals a truly remarkable set of events that not only shaped the outcome of WWII, but also spearheaded the launch of numerous intelligence agencies for protecting the citizens of its nations and preventing surprise attacks such as the one on Pearl Harbor. Japan's New Cipher Machine In the early 1930s, the Japanese Navy purchased a commercial version of the German Enigma and proceeded to modify it by adding features which enhanced its security (Kahn 6). The system that evolved was one of the most secure cryptographic machines in the world. The machine was codenamed "Red" by the US government and was used to encrypt the highest level ... ...ng. March 01, 2004. http://www.faircount.com/web04/pearlharbor/pdfs/codebreakers.pdf Hatch, A. David. Enigma and Purple: How the Allies Broke German and Japanese Codes During the War. March 06, 2004. http://cadigweb.ew.usna.edu/Lwdj/papers/cryptoday/hatch j,urple.ps Kahn, David. The Codebreakers. New York: Scribner, 1996. Kurzeja, Karen. Pearl Harbor & Ciphering Methods. March 1, 2004. http://raphael.math.uic.edu/Jeremy/crypt/contrib/kurzeja.html Momsen, Bill. Codebreaking and Secret Weapons in World War II. March 07, 2004. http://home.earthlink.net/–nbrassl/3enigma.htm Perloff, James. Pearl Harbor. The New American. December 8, 1986. http://www.thenewamerican.com/departments/feature/l 999/070499.htm Young, Frank Pierce. Flame & Blame at Pearl Harbor. The Responsibility Question. March 01, 2004. http://www.microworks.net/pacific/special/flamel.htm

Difficulties in an Internet Music Promotion Company

JEJA Entertainment is a great way to offer live music entertainment to music lovers and fans in Australia and to the rest of the world. JEJA is based in Australia but since the Internet cannot be confined to a certain geographical area, the products and services of JEJA Entertainment will have to be offered to music fans all over the world. Although the Internet is a fascinating and emerging means of distributing media content, there are still startup costs that must be considered. Most of the time, internet entrepreneurs explore their business model while pursuing another line of work.This enables them to have a fallback should the Internet business fail. On the other hand, this could also be inimical to the continuous growth of the business. Internet entrepreneurs face a number of challenges in establishing their business. For one, the issue of capital is an important one. The Internet may be seen as a low-cost option for distribution, yet there are a number of operating costs that must be taken into account—the domain name and web servers, the IT personnel who will create and maintain the webpages of the site, the marketing personnel and the production team among others.This will involve thousands of dollars if it were to become truly successful. While internet marketing via email can be a good starting point, there should also be offline promotion so that more people can be made aware of the company and the kinds of products and services that it offers (Perrini, 2006). Startup Capital and Funding Creative and novel ideas that have been largely untested do have a big potential for success in the world, especially so if the medium chosen such as the Internet has so much room for growth. Yet, because of this very same thing, a number of internet media business startups fail!Internet entrepreneurs need startup capital and money that could help them sustain the operations of their internet business up to such time that they can stand on their own and star t earning profits. Insufficient funding would mean that the business will not grow as quickly as it is perceived to be and it will not also become as profitable as the business plan states. One of the biggest problems that internet entrepreneurs face is where to get startup money that will help them setup equipment and other needed materials and network for the business.No matter how good an idea may be, without startup capital, it will remain as a good idea and will never be launched to the whole world. Sources of Startup Capital For JEJA Entertainment, there are a number of sources of startup capital that they can draw from. Before identifying the sources of startup capital, however, the entrepreneurs should lay down ¬ the projected expenses in starting up the business. This should include all expenses such as equipment, the establishment of web pages and the maintenance costs, the servers, the domain name, the initial promotional expenses among others.This could lead them to a realistic view of the expenses that they will face. When these expenses shall have been laid out, then the actual amount of funding needed for several months (or years) can then be projected up to such time that the business can become profitable. Personal funds and Loan from Family and Friends The easiest source of startup capital, perhaps, could be the personal funds of the entrepreneurs who will engage in the business. Most of the time, entrepreneurs use their own savings they have gained from years of working as employees.There are also entrepreneurs who inherited a sizable sum of money that they then divert the money for the business that they have conceptualized by themselves or with other friends that they have. In cases where the personal funds of the entrepreneurs are not enough to cover the startup expenses, they ask the help of their family and friends in funding their business. Internet business may be less costly than an offline business that offers â€Å"physical† products and services.The problem with the funding from friends and family money, however, is that this might give the family and friends some expectation that they also have important stakes in the business more than just the money that they lent in starting the business. This can lead to strained relationships and problems in the business due to the unclear expectations from friends and family members. If JEJA Entertainment will rely on this kind of startup funding, then the expectations from both parties should be clear so as to avoid any conflict in the areas of operations of the business.Funding from Banks and Lending Organizations Another riskier source of startup capital is funding from banks and lending organizations. To get loans from banks and other lending organizations, there is a need for collateral in the form of land, car or other valuable collateral. Depending on the soundness of the business plan, banks may fund the startup so that it can take off and become prof itable in the long term. Convincing banks to release funds, however, is a big challenge as they want to minimize the risks they face in lending so they can maximize their profits. Venture CapitalOne of the important sources of funds that have come to light in recent years is venture capital from what has been fondly called as â€Å"angel investors. † These angel investors provide much needed capital for entrepreneurs in the twenty-first century. Venture capital, actually, can contribute to the long-term success of an internet business startup. Angel investors can help budding internet businesses to survive the first few years of competition and difficulties in the market. Most startup companies usually tap venture capital investors not during startup but during the next few years of their operations.If an internet business does not attract venture capital, it is bound to fail within three years according to a study made by Gompers and Lerner (2002). Long-term Profitability, B randing and Reputation Building Even if startup capital were found for JEJA company, there are still a number of factors that it should surmount if it were to be profitable and sustainable in the long run. Long term profitability can be ensured through a variety of strategies and a careful management of resources. Fresh capital is also needed if JEJA were to be truly successful.Brand building is another important matter that JEJA will have to engage in. A successful branding strategy could also build the reputation of the company. Over the long run, this can help the company package itself as a good option for venture capitalists and to its clients all over the world. JEJA needs to be aggressive in its branding strategies because it faces an uphill climb with various competitions online. Even if the online concert option is a good selling point, the company has to create its audience and make it irresistible.The company will have to invest on marketing investments online and offline so as to make people aware of what the business offers. Carefully placed ads on high traffic websites and offline advertisements can yield returns. In addition to this, media exposure and reputation borrowing through sponsorship of concerts by major artists, singers and actors and actresses that visit Australia. Even major events in Australia can be covered by the company so as to gain greater reach, credibility and the preferences of consumers.The longevity of these branding strategies cannot be ensured in the long run (Kotha, Rajgopal & Rindova, 2001). Because of this, JEJA Company has to stay abreast with emerging trends in the entertainment industry and in the Internet. These things make the branding strategies more difficult as the marketing personnel of the company will have to keep track of two divergent although related fields—the entertainment industry as well as the reception of fans and media content consumers as well as the behavior of internet surfers and consum ers.Long-Term Growth and Strategic Management Securing startup capital is but one of the first steps that JEJA Company will have to secure. As the operations of the company continue and it gains brand recognition in Australia and all over the world, it will have to establish a long term plan that deals with the need of fresh capital, effective management of resources and the establishment of a reliable and recognizable Australian brand. The entertainment industry is highly volatile and continuously changing.If the branding strategies of JEJA were effective, it can readily engage venture capitalists for the provision of fresh capital to finance expansion of operations, offering additional services and products, engaging more geographical areas, and establishing partnerships with a larger number of production companies and studios. The presence of venture capital is a great means of ensuring the long-term growth and profitability of internet businesses (Davila, Foster 7 Gupta, 2003).A s such, it has to proactively seek out venture capitalists who believe in the business model of JEJA. This can be done through networking, effective publicity and brand building and making sure that the business delivers the projected income and growth. Conclusion Internet businesses such as Amazon. com, Yahoo, Barnes and Nobles and IVillage among others have, at one point, started out with limited experience and financing. Yet, with effective raising of startup capital, effective branding and strategic management, they managed to grow their businesses (Carpenter, 2000).Although financing is different from the realm of management and branding strategies, it is still a very crucial part of the operations of the business of JEJA. Surely, there will be new trends and challenges that will arise in the area of internet media business. Yet, with the influx of capital from â€Å"angel investors† and other sources, effective branding and strategic management, JEJA management can rise up to become a significant internet business in Australia and all over the world.